Hi all
Don't know if anyone looked at this but I found this part interesting

> Comparisons within and across multiple studies suggest that subspecies of the honey bee’s C-lineage (e.g. A. m. ligustica or A. m. carnica) are more hygienic than subspecies of the M-lineage (e.g. A. m. mellifera) in Europe. Managed North America honey bees are highly admixed, originating from both the C and M lineage bees of Europe. 

> If the differences in hygienic behaviour between the C- and M-lineages are genetically influenced, then we would expect to find a higher frequency of C-lineage alleles in managed North American populations that have been artificially selected for hygienic behaviour. 

> In our artificially selected populations, we found that hygienic loci have significantly more C-lineage ancestry (median 87% C) relative to the baseline population (79% C) and relative to the genome as a whole.

Harpur, Brock A., et al. "Integrative Genomics Reveals the Genetics and Evolution of the Honey Bee’s Social Immune System." Genome Biology and Evolution (2019).

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