Jean-Marie Van Dyck wrote:

> As well, what ever anti varroa treatment is applied to the colonies, the
> phenomena are present, and exhibit similar characteristics.

What Varroa treatments are used? I doubt if it is resistance since you
say many different treatments are used. Could also be tracheal mites, a
mite we tend to overlook. Mimics a lot of other problems. Wanes in the
spring and summer but comes back strong in the fall/winter.

I doubt if it has anything to do with the Varroa treatment but might be
pesticide kill from some sort of late year spraying/dusting.

Since it is universal in your area, those are my best guesses.

Bill Truesdell
Bath, Maine

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