Hi Linda, I am a native Southerner, and I am continually amazed at the past effort at segregation even in the midst of intensive black/white interaction. In the oral history and archeology we did at the site of the detached kitchen at the Sanders urban farmstead in Washington, Arkansas, we discovered that in 1910 there were two privies, one for the white family then living there, and one for the two orphaned African-American girls the family had "adopted" (their phrase) who were working as house servants and who were living in the kitchen building. The kitchen building itself was no longer used as a kitchen since a kitchen room had been added to the main house. I (and others) have argued that the reason the kitchens were separate to begin with was to segregate the African-American cooks/servants, who were obviously an intimate part of the white household nonetheless. At Sanders, with the house and kitchen dating to the early 1840s, antebellum spatial segregation was clear, but have no idea about the segregation of human waste at the time because we haven't found any (certain) privies in Washington that old. By 1910 at Sanders, cooking was no longer segregated, but residence still was, and apparently so was excrement. "Colored Only", indeed. Bye. Leslie C. Stewart-Abernathy Arkansas Archeological Survey Arkansas Tech University Russellville, AR