From file item: BUZZ0793.TXT 7/26/93 9:32AM (Terry Dahms) > About the "SIOUX HONEY ASSOCIATION PIONEER ..." > > During the thirties the Browns developed the famous Brown > strain of bees that was resistant to American foulbrood. The > apiary containing these bees was located near their wax rendering > plant. These bees would rob the combs Sioux members would bring > to the plant to have melted. Therefore, the bees were exposed to > American foulbrood from many different sources. This apiary was > the source of the famous Brown genotype of bees that Dr. > Rothenbuhler and others have used in their genetic studies on > American foulbrood resistance in honey bees. > Bert attended Iowa State College at Ames where he worked with > Dr. Floyd Paddock and Frank Pellett. The Browns also cooperated > with Paddock, Pellett and others in the development of bees > resistant to American foulbrood. From file item: AUGAPIS.93 9-Aug-93 (Malcolm Sanford) > A CHALKBROOD/AFB CONNECTION > Dr. H. Shimanuki, our featured speaker at this year's Florida > Beekeepers Institute, and colleagues at the Beltsville Bee Lab in > Beltsville, Maryland were highlighted in a recent spread in > Agricultural Research, the information organ of the USDA's > Agricultural Research Service (July 1993). In conjunction with > their efforts to diagnose diseases in samples sent in by the > beekeeping industry, Beltsville researchers noticed a decline in > European foulbrood samples from New Jersey bees (1980-1990) while > the number of chalkbrood samples remained constant. > > Further investigation has shown that Ascosphaera apis, the > causative organism of chalkbrood disease, produces a substance that > inhibits growth of bacteria causing both American and European > foulbrood. This material has been isolated and could provide the > basis for a new, inexpensive control for both foulbroods. Thus, > like the bees themselves, the microorganisms found in the nest also > are interrelated in a complex community. From the questions of Ray Lackey 1 Nov 1993 13:12 > 1) Does anyone know the temperature/time profile > necessary to destroy the AFB spores? > 2) I've read of using paraffin to treat hives for > preservation. Does the temperature of the paraffin dip > destroy the AFB spores or suitably seal them away from bees? > 3) Does anyone have a different way of treating for AFB > spores in a small way? It seems the Nick Wallingford talk giving the usual way of life with AFB in NZ answers more or less (temper.?) the two first questions. See : Paraffin wax dipping... Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1993 20:40:00 +1300 During 40 years I knew bees and bees world in Belgium, I never ear about AFB. We got here mite Acarapis (end about 1962), Varroa (we have it), Wax Moth (2 sp), we've chalkbrood (difficult to get pollen without some white stones). => This year we had 2 hot-beds of AFB (7 km between the 2). The beekeepers didn't know each other. Asking Pr. Van Laere who centralizes the different cases : he found a case of two by one or 2 years in whole Belgium. My questions : 4/ Does anyone know about this resistant to AFB line of bees ? 5/ Does anyone know the researcher (and may be paper, I don't find anything) who works on the relation chalkbrood - AFB ? 6/ Does anyone can explain how these isolated cases could arrive ? 7/ Does anyone know about a serious epidemiological investigation on AFB (including bees lines and usual beekeeper works) Thanks for your minds. Regards JMVD ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jean-Marie Van Dyck email : bitnet jmvandyck@bnandp51 B.P. 102 internet [log in to unmask] B-5000 NAMUR (Belgium) School Med. - Physiol. Chem. dept -----------------------------------------------------------------------------