I think that there are certain amounts of misinformation involved in location recognition. I do know that I have moved hives a few feet "off" their normal orientation, but the returning bees seem to have no problem *provided that they return to the entrance location where they exited.* Moving hives at night seems to result in little disorientation. Moving them during the day does. Another factor I've noticed is that I had bees using a secondary entrance caused by an improperly seated hive top. When this was remedied, some bees attempted to use this entrance for several days afterward, ignoring the primary entrance. I suspect that this is because it was scent-marked during the time it was in use and the marking took several days to wear off. (Notice that bees transferred to a new hive will expose their scent glands and fan at the entrance for a day or so.) Jane Beckman [[log in to unmask]]