I was reading this paper (p.6) and came upon this reference on Nosema C resistant honeybees. (The Wisdom of Honeybee Defenses Against Environmental Stresses, Guilin Li, 2018)
"Furthermore, a previous study present that no energetic stress is caused by N. ceranae infection in N. ceranae-tolerant honeybees (Kurze et al., 2016). Therefore, breeding N. ceranae-tolerant honeybees
may be conducive to decreasing the damage caused by N. ceranae infection."  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00722/full

Kurze et al. 2016 study link (The research tested Nosema tolerant bees that were raised over 20 years by Danish queen breeders
https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/56014/Kurze_Nosema_2016.pdf;jsessionid=A61B7C0803341FC05EC0959156A27CE5?sequence=1

My question: Have any North American queen breeders selected for Nosema tolerance? As this seems to be my main issue, it would be interesting to trial a few of these queens up north.

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