> > >Have to account for virus. As I have stated often, it is not the Varroa > but > the virus. When we can eliminate virus, there will be little need to > control Varroa. I guess that we're back to definitions. A virus IS a parasite. " use of the term parasite is ecological (see the Glossary) and includes both micro-parasites (e.g., viruses and bacteria) and macro-parasites (e.g., worms)" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4601502/ <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4601502/> It may be difficult to "eliminate" the virus, but there are clearly strains of bees that are able to manage the vector of the virus. -- Randy Oliver Grass Valley, CA www.ScientificBeekeeping.com *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html