<like insurance: you pay for it, hoping you don't need it. Maybe that beekeeper, but I know several who swear by it. and they will flat argue the point. Since they run 10 times the hives I do, I don't doubt them.> I would wager that these beekeepers don't test. If they would test, and systematically, they would determine the risk and there would be no issue about "insurance" and they would find the counts drop in spring spontaneously. "Swearing by it should have data behind it to be creditable" , not just habit. *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html