- But if you find the nail, fumagillin is not a good hammer to hit it with - There probably are other nails in the structure that need attention IMHO - and Dr. Vidal-Naquet (Honeybee Veterinary Medicine), Nosema is a copathogen and similar to SHB there are other stressors at play if a colony is showing decline. - Black Queen Virus seems to have an association with Nosema, probably old soiled frames and hive bodies. So testing is quite helpful as a contribution to the rest of the story in a sick hive. And of course, a negative test is also good information. A feature about Nosema test is that is very easy and yet very few beekeepers perform it. DC *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html