John, Mattila and Otis published more than one study. One thing to keep in mind is that their "pollen restricted" test hives continued to bring in huge amounts of natural pollen (in one of their studies they recorded the amount of beebread in the "restricted" hives). So be careful about extrapolating from their excellent studies--they wouldn't apply to California conditions. -- Randy Oliver Grass Valley, CA www.ScientificBeekeeping.com *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html