> > >As the monarchs are poisonous, because of feeding on milkweed I > understand, perhaps they are "immune" to insecticides, at least in low > doses. Although the glycosides in milkweed are chemically different than alkaloids such a the neonics, you are correct in that insects that normally feed on demonstrably toxic plants may be predisposed to produce CyP450s for detoxification. Has anyone seen any info the Monarchs in this regard? -- Randy Oliver Grass Valley, CA www.ScientificBeekeeping.com *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html