One simple observation. A queenless colony will more or less cease pollen collection, but will still gather nectar. Same for a colony with a viable queen who is present, but not laying. This follows the amount of uncapped brood, as that decreases, so does the pollen collection, while the nectar collection increases. We've documented this in our studies. Others have commented that if one traps off pollen, the colony may increase the number of bees collecting pollen. We'd extended this to say, if the colony doesn't need pollen, it may shift most of its foraging over to nectar, which is needed for the survival of the adult bees. Jerry *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm