The Nationa Bee Unit in England found that some colonies were surviving with heavy infestations and others were collapsing with smaller levels of infestation. The need is to keep virus levels down and this can be done by keeping Varroa levels at as low a level as possible. For bees going into winter this is even more necessary as the bees will be confined for a long period of time allowing diseases viral as well as fungal (nosema) to spread throughout the colony. Ruary *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm