>Personally, myguess is NC is so virulent that you do not see dysentery because it never > gets that far. > Does not appear to be the case, Bill. Bees can live for some time with high levels of N ceranae spore in the gut. >All that my point was is that no dysentery is not a marker for NC. Actually, no dysentery is not a marker for anything! : ) Dysentery in bees is poorly understood. For instance, I haven't found anyone who can tell me if the color of the material is due to plant pigments from pollen, or from proteins from the bees. Bill, it is too late for me to find spotting in California. Could you do me a big favor and dissolve some dysentery spots in a drop of water and place under a scope to see if there are pollen grains? If you can't do this, could anyone else on the List? If you don't have a scope, please place some scrapes into a fold of paper and mail them to me, so that I can check. Thanks in advance! Randy Oliver *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Access BEE-L directly at: http://community.lsoft.com/scripts/wa-LSOFTDONATIONS.exe?A0=BEE-L