It seems that the solution to the problem is too complex for many and gets confused in the details of any long discussion. Let me boil what many smart and capable researchers and commercial operators tell me down to three very simple sentences. 1.) Get proven hygienic bee stock. 2.) Monitor to verify that your bees are truly hygienic 3.) Requeen any that prove to be exceptions. The end *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html