>> > If there is no sign of nosema ceranae that kills a colony and the >> equipment is >> reused, is the new colony doomed? > > If there was no sign (spore counts), then why would you suspect N ceranae? The reason I ask is because of a comment by Chris Slade indicating that n. cerenae may not leave stains that are associated with n. apis infestation. I do not have a system to do a spore count. That made me wonder if in using what seemed to be good old comb I was missing the presence of n. cerenae. I have been repopulating dead outs just this week, so it was a novel thought that seemed important at this very moment. Thanks for your thoughts. Larry Krengel *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html