In a message dated 02/01/2008 01:39:31 GMT Standard Time,  
[log in to unmask] writes:

But my  take on the nosema research is that chilling 
alone causes nosema (apis, at  least) explosion irregardless of defecation. 



That, if it is the case, can affect only the bees that already have Nosema  
and so will already have shortened lifespan.  It doesn't explain increased  
transmission.
 
Chris



   

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