>>I was always under the impression that when OA was first tested in Switzerland by Imdorf Anton and the original 112 test colonies in 1994 & 1995 the OA solution used was 30 grams of hydrated OA desolved in one litre of water. An Italian study compared OA in pure water and in 2 different concentration sugar water solutions. The OA sugar water solutions resulted in higher varroa kills. It's either because the sugar water solution stuck better to mites/bees or was more eagerly ingested by the bees. Waldemar -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---