Further reading on laying workers produced an article on the differences between the Cape Bee and Apis mellifera scutellata. Evidently, the differences between these two are not as clear as was expected. Both the Cape Bee and scutellata develop laying workers that can produce queens. QUOTE: > The terms "A. m. capensis" and "A. m. scutellata" are only meaningful if the precise geographical origins of the bees are specified. from "Apis mellifera capensis: an essay on the subspecific classification of honeybees" by Randall HEPBURN, Sarah E. RADLOFF (2002) -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---