As regards wasp trapping: Heptyl butyrate is a common attractant in commercial wasp traps, but it is quite expensive. It can be obtained from Pfaltz & Bauer as Item No. HO1890 — purveyors of "rare and fine chemicals." That chemical (what I use) is a powerful attractant in very small doses for Vespula pensylvanica. A very recent three-page publication in J. Econ. Entomol. 98(3): 664-666 (2005) has an article that indicates inexpensive citrus-based soft drink products work well as wasp attractants. Here is the abstract: ABSTRACT Two citrus-based sodas and a known wasp attractant were compared in a field trial to assess their attractiveness to local nuisance wasp species. The wasps captured included Vespula germanica (F.), Vespula maculifrons (Buysson), Vespula vulgaris (L.), Vespula flavopilosa Jacobson, Vespula squamosa (Drury), Dolichovespula maculata (L.), Polistes fuscatus (L.), Polistes metricus Say, and Polistes dominulus (Christ). Wasps in the genus Vespula were present in significantly higher numbers in traps than Dolichovespula and Polistes. Both citrus soda products were superior to the isobutanol-acetic acid mixture as attractants for almost all of the wasp species. I have the complete paper as a file and can send it as an attachment to anyone interested. Adrian -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---