Passed to me on another list:


 Iliff PJ, Piwoz EG, Tavengwa NV, Zunguza CD, Marinda ET, Nathoo KJ, Moulton
 LH, Ward BJ, Humphrey JH.

 Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1
 transmission and increases HIV-free survival.
 AIDS. 2005 Apr 29;19(7):699-708.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Abstract&
db=PubMed&list_uids=15821396

 OBJECTIVES:: The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to reduce the
 postnatal transmission (PNT) of HIV is based on limited data. In the
context
 of a trial of postpartum vitamin A supplementation, we provided education
 and counseling about infant feeding and HIV, prospectively collected
 information on infant feeding practices, and measured associated infant
 infections and deaths. DESIGN AND METHODS:: A total of 14 110
mother-newborn
 pairs were enrolled, randomly assigned to vitamin A treatment group after
 delivery, and followed for 2 years. At baseline, 6 weeks and 3 months,
 mothers were asked whether they were still breastfeeding, and whether any
of
 22 liquids or foods had been given to the infant. Breastfed infants were
 classified as exclusive, predominant, or mixed breastfed. RESULTS:: A total
 of 4495 mothers tested HIV positive at baseline; 2060 of their babies were
 alive, polymerase chain reaction negative at 6 weeks, and provided complete
 feeding information. All infants initiated breastfeeding. Overall PNT
 (defined by a positive HIV test after the 6-week negative test) was 12.1%,
 68.2% of which occurred after 6 months. Compared with EBF, early mixed
 breastfeeding was associated with a 4.03 (95% CI 0.98, 16.61), 3.79 (95% CI
 1.40-10.29), and 2.60 (95% CI 1.21-5.55) greater risk of PNT at 6, 12, and
 18 months, respectively. Predominant breastfeeding was associated with a
 2.63 (95% CI 0.59-11.67), 2.69 (95% CI 0.95-7.63) and 1.61 (95% CI
 0.72-3.64) trend towards greater PNT risk at 6, 12, and 18 months, compared
 with EBF. CONCLUSION:: EBF may substantially reduce
breastfeeding-associated
 HIV transmission.

PMID: 15821396 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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