Going back to David Cozy's original posted quote on Rubinstein, which I feel was been misinterpreted in this thread: >Harris Goldsmith remarking of the pianist: "He is not an intellectual, >but his musical intelligence is nonetheless a superior and governing >one." Goldsmith simply used the term "intellectual", not combining the terms to say "intellectual musician". Sounds to me like he was using the term in a broad sense about Rubinstein's intellect. In essence saying that Rubinstein was not a brilliant person in other aspects, but that did not interfere with his ability to understand *music*. Whatever you think of what Goldsmith meant, I think if you read Rubinstein's biographies and listen to his recordings you will find this is borne out on both counts. Music making at a high level does require significant, if specialized, intelligence, as do baseball and computer programming, and just about any other discipline, so I do not think it is important or useful in this context to split great artists into "intelligent" or "intellectual" and "sensual" etc. All great artists are exhibiting intelligent music-making. Michael Cooper