At 5/13/02 12:00 AM, you wrote: >Do we go back to Apistan, or is Apistan still useless, or is IPM the only answer? Statements like this misrepresent the whole principle of IPM. IPM *does not mean* NO chemicals. IPM is *integrated* pest management. It *does not mean* use chemicals first, ask questions later. IPM means: try cultural controls first, like cleanliness, proper management, mechanical controls, etc. IPM means: evaluate the problem and develop a strategy. Try new things like drone brood trapping. IPM means: use chemicals if all else fails. Switch chemicals. Stay on top of the news. pb