Hello Allen & All, Did you check the archives? There are over 50 references there and some look as if they might answer some of those questions. Visit http://www.internode.net/HoneyBee/BEE-L/ to search. I do on many of my posts but didn't on the creosote post. Sorry. I find many of my friends want *me* to ask the list questions because either they don't own a computer or are *lurkers*. The Henry Harris cresote post answered my friends question completely. Thanks to Henry for the post. I will stick with the copper napth for my operation but miss the old penta. Bob Thinking there are remarkable similarities between varroa on bees and ticks on beekeepers.