Patricia, regarding your concerns about duramorph, and I think that the full
areaolas are from the iv bolus and increased iv's given for surgery.
Morphine affects the baby much less that Fentanyl and Demerol.  Usually,
about 0.3 cc is given after the case  for an epidural.  The moms are much
more mobile and are able to cope with their babies with the aid of duramorph.
 I see the biggest problem is itching, which about 1/3 of the moms
experience.  We give nubain, or benadryl for the itching, which does make the
mom a little sleepy.  I hope someone else has more information for you.
Shirley Morris, RN, IBCLC,LMT in Phoenix, where I'm still wearing sandals
with no socks!

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