Glad to hear the TRIGR study is still on-going. I heard someone postulating that the reason we hadn't heard anything about this is that there weren't any good outcomes that would benefit the formula industry (a rather cynical comment) so we wouldn't hear results, but after looking at this article, I see that it will be a number of years before we see ultimate outcomes!
-----Original Message-----
From: Lactation Information and Discussion [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Nikki Lee
Sent: Sunday, January 03, 2010 3:10 PM
Subject: formula linked to diabetes and obesity
Dear Friends:
There are currently 10 theories as to why formula triggers diabetes:
1) soy protein is a trigger.
2) metabolic programming is altered by the wrong food
3) bovine protein is a trigger (many studies on this one)
4) systemic inflammatory response syndrome (alterations in gut flora from the wrong food set up an inflammatory response)
5) genetic susceptibility (Pima Indians and other native peoples, Scandanavian peoples, Pacific Islanders, Hispanic, folks with diabetes in their family already, African heritage)
6) Accelerator hypothesis: beta cells killed by a combination of altered immunity, insulin resistance and constitution
7) Immune system is weakened....diabetes can be triggered after an infection. Formula fed babies have weaker immune systems
8) Formula burns out the pancreas.......insulin levels are higher and stay higher for longer after a formula feed.
9) Babies become immune to cow insulin (in cow based formula)....cow insulin is only 3 amino acids different to human....babies become immune to their own insulin
10) formula feeding induces a state of oxidative stress that kills beta cells
Formula feeding induces obesity because it lacks leptin, and because it doesn't vary during a feed. So volume is what stops the baby eating from a bottle, as opposed to a feeling of satiety induced by the altered milk composition during a breastfeed. Another problem with formula is that its protein content is too high. Currently, the formula companies are working on low-protein formulae (in addition to adding pre and probiotics) in their eternal quest to create human milk in a can.
Bottle feeding induces obesity because, as Ruth Lawrence says, "we tend to overfeed babies when we bottle-feed." There's just a little bit left in the bottle that is pushed into the baby because no mother wants to discard either that little bit of her own milk (precious) or that little bit of formula (expensive).
Currently, I've not found any research linking obesity with babies bottle-fed their own mother's milk....we'll have to keep our eyes open for that one. (I suspect it is possible.)
At times like this, I wish LACTNET had a files section where I could post a bibliography!!
Marsha has posted about the TRIGR study: "*TRIGR* is an international, randomized, double-blinded trial. The hypothesis to be tested is whether hydrolyzed infant formula compared to cow's milk-based formula decreases risk of developing type 1 diabetes in children with increased genetic susceptibility. (*Recruitment is completed; no more babies will be
enrolled.*) " (<http://trigr.epi.usf.edu/about.html>)
warmly,
Nikki Lee RN, BSN, Mother of 2, MS, IBCLC, CCE, CIMI craniosacral therapy practitioner www.breastfeedingalwaysbest.com
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