The music is a language non-verbal.  Its grammar is the estruturation:
modal, tonal, atonal, or eletroacustical syntaxes.  Because this the
music IS NOT a universal language.  It is only a phenomenon human with
differents grammars (the Vivaldi's music is strange to the maori people;
the muslim's music is dissonant to the Mendelsohnn's fan; the Peking
Opera sounds different to the rappers; etc.).  See the Semiotic and/or
Semiological theories.  Music isn't a math's work, too, in despite of
calculations be made by various composers (Bach, Mozart, Xenakis and
others).  The science and the maths are resources to compose works.
Theres is six dimensions or parameters in the sound:  pitch, duration,
dynamic, timbre, attack/articulation and speed.  The eletroacustical
composers proposes us another parameters, but this is very complex to
discuss here (see the books of Eimert, Boulez, Stockhausen, Pousser, etc.).

Edson Ortolan
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