It is important to realise that this is not just an American problem. 
It exists also in Europe including The Netherlands, the UK, Greece, 
Cyprus - perhaps Germany and Poland last year. I have pictures from my 
colonies which show the same symptoms as described by American 
beekeepers as CCD. Questions. Why do some colonies in the same apiary 
not succumb? Are the combs from these dead colonies infectious?
On 20 Feb 2007, at 00:01, Peter Borst wrote:

> Dr. Hachiro Shimanuki in his treatise, "Synonymy in Bee Diseases," in
> Honey Bee Pests, Predators, and Diseases, edited by Dr. Roger Morse,
> Comstock Publishing Associates, 1978, said this so-called disease was,
>
> "...a classic example of a misnomer. In the first place the bees
> disappear, not the disease, and in my opinion, the term is used as an
> umbrella for what may well be many maladies."
>
> Indeed subsequent extensive research failed to isolate any disease
> organism in stocks that exhibited the condition. The symptoms are
> similar to other conditions like "autumn collapse," or "spring
> dwindling," which appear to be the result of stress related to
> nutritional imbalance.
>
> Subsequent research by Drs. J. Kulincevic and W. Rothenbuhler at The
> Ohio State University has revealed that expeller-processed soybean
> flour, long used to feed bees, may have been the culprit in some
> instances.
>
> from:
> APIS
> Volume 2, Number 6, June, 1984
> Copyright (c)1984 M.T. Sanford "All Rights Reserved"
>
> -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and  other info ---
>
>
John Phipps
Editor: The Beekeepers Quarterly
Neochori, Agios Nikolaos,
Messinias, Greece 24024
webpage: www.iannisphoto.com

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