Hello All,
 Three years ago I spent two weeks with beekeepers in Ireland. A couple of things stood out. One is they do not trust the government and do not give it very much information. Second , they do not want any different bees that what they have in Ireland at this time.  So it is close to a closed population that they are working with at this time. The bees I looked at were not very calm like the ones back home. You had to put on a bee suit. 
 The Irish Beekeeping Federation has a good educational program for beekeepers. It is broken down to different areas of the country. So one size does not fit all. I could see the difference as I did go all around the country. I could see that maybe one area could have a practice and bees that could keep Varroa populations down. I don't think they have a silver bullet but a more holistic approach. 
The Best
Roy Nerttlebeck  

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