I agree with almost everything Jim says in his long presentation.

Bees don't suffer from COLD, but do suffer badly from dampness!  Give a hive
LOTS of ventilation in the winter, particularly using an UPPER ENTRANCE; and
do NOT restrict the size of the bottom entrance.  In fact, an OPEN 8 mesh
screen bottom may be far better than the standard wooden bottom board in ALL
area of the U.S.
with the possible exception of those states bordering Canada.

TIMES CHANGE!  You have a computer.  Your car has tubeless tires, You heat
food in a micro wave oven.  Your Daddy probably did not have any of these; so
why use Daddy's
ideas about keeping bees?  Bee researchers and bee scientists are PAID to
find these new management techniques that keep bees alive, healthy, and
produce more honey.

George Imirie
Certified EAS MASTER BEEKEEPER