> Spanish researchers continue to insist that Nosema alone can cause
> colony collapse (this is not CCD per se). Varroa and the related
> viruses also cause colonies to collapse, have done from the
> beginning.

As I recall, the collapse was not immediate or proportional to the
measured infection at the moment, but occurred after a passage of time.

We see this with varroa, too, so perhaps each, but permitting an avenue
of entry allows the propagation through a colony of another agent that
actually causes collapse.

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