Probably Allen you are right in the sense that we had live with both nosemas
for a certain time now, however for an *"unknown reason infecting levels
have increase on certain operations"*.
In that sense spores are a simptom and nosema is not the cause.

In my case I badly managed my hives for three years, stressing them to grow
in number. I started with 50 hives and increased to close to 2000 in that
time. I wasn't aware of all the ways I was spreading the disease (smashing
bees, letting them to drawn in the feeders, etc).

The next two years I have been lowering the spore loads in my operation.
With that objetive in mind I have done all what is possible, starting by a
change of management that lower stress, avoid ways of cross contamination
and improve nutrition.

-- 
Juanse Barros J.
APIZUR S.A.
Carrera 695
Gorbea - CHILE
+56-45-271693
08-3613310
http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/
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