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The Population Density of Feral Colonies of Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a City in Upstate New York
Authors: MORSE, ROGER A.; CAMAZINE, SCOTT; FERRACANE, MICHAEL; MINACCI, PAUL; NOWOGRODZKI, RICHARD; RATNIEKS, FRANCIS L. W.; SPIELHOLZ, JOAN; UNDERWOOD, BENJAMIN A.
Source: Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 83, Number 1, February 1990 , pp. 81-83(3)

Abstract:
> In Oswego, a city in upstate New York, a search for all honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies in an area of 4.2 km' (1.6 square miles) revealed 12 colonies. All but one of the colonies were feral, living in tree cavities and the walls of buildings. The observed density was 2.7 colonies per km2 (7.0 feral colonies per square mile). Oswego may be considered typical of the smaller cities in the northeastern United States, with many older wooden houses and streets lined with large trees. The high frequency of feral honey bee colonies in cities, many in inaccessible areas, adds considerably to the difficulty of controlling nuisance bees, as well as noxious bee mites and other honey bee disease agents for which feral colonies constitute reservoirs of infection. Our data make clear that ordinances against beekeeping would not significantly reduce the number of colonies living in an urban area.

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