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Subject:	Re: PCR Primers for Africanized bees?
From:	Peter Loring Borst <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:	Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology <[log in to unmask]>
Date:	Mon, 14 Nov 2016 08:18:23 -0500
Content-Type:	text/plain
Parts/Attachments:	text/plain (13 lines)

> Do you think these tests will stand up to legal scrunity if used to enforce quarantines of africanized bees? Jim Smith Northern California 

In 2014, Darger wrote: "Currently, Africanized bees are officially diagnosed through morphometric methods only. The genetics of a honey bee are not often utilized in official determinations of Africanization." The method is called "Universal System for Detecting Africanization Identification (USDA-ID)" and was developed in 1991. 

The regulators may think these methods are adequate, but they will not be able to prevent African bees from entering new areas. I have encountered colonies in NYS that exhibited all the characteristics of Africanization but they were diagnosed "European" by the lab in Tucson. I put the bees down, as they were a menace.

PLB

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