Mike,
You mention that you winter nuc's. top of production colonies.
Just for clarity, what do you mean by "on top"?

Also, ....Even if you have a tough winter, and only half make
it...actually a low percentage...

For you a tough winter consists of what type of climatic conditions, and
why do you say that 50% is a low loss rate?
50% seems to me to be a high loss rate - maybe one that cannot be
reduced easily, but still high.

Regards,
Peter

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