>Allen Dick wrote:
 
>> This is not the same as the varroa/Apistan case which, I submit, was
>> predictable from the start.  And not due to abuse of the controls.
 
and Bill Truesdell asked:
 
>Could you expand on this. I'm interested, especially after all the news out of
>Europe that implied it was misuse that caused resistance.
 
I could not agree more with the conclusions of Allen : it's not the misuse
but the *exclusive* use of the fluvalinate drug which induced the Varroa
resistance !  The *misuse* increase the velocity of the process.
 
Mechanism = You kill the Varroas with this drug, all of them but *one or
two*. These two are really not resistant yet but are only groggy for some
reason.
They'll begin the ancestors of all the future Varroas of your colony.
 
The next time you'll use "the same drug" : more Varroas will not be quite
killed but only will remain groggy, etc.  Thus : It's important to dispose
of "some" "different" means to attack Varroa !  It's not what people was
doing : Apistan *was* too easy to use (WAS!!!). Actually, here, it's *out*
of use ! Definitely !
 
Jean-Marie  <[log in to unmask]>
Owner of the french list "ABEILLES" on [log in to unmask]