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Subject:
Re: Defensive microbial symbionts
From:
Peter Loring Borst <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Thu, 27 Jun 2013 00:23:04 +0000
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Martha Gilliam published from the 1960s to the 1990s. One of her later papers states:

Microflora of honey bees from feral colonies

> Honey bees from feral colonies located in rock caves, overhangs, or holes in central Arizona contained the same kinds of intestinal microorganisms as honey bees from managed colonies housed in wooden hives in southern Arizona. This finding demonstrated the constancy of the microflora in honey bees from both feral and managed colonies and from areas separated by approximately 289 km.  FEMS Microbiology Letters Volume 155, Issue 1, pages 1–10,October 1997
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