Neonicotinoids in bees: a review on concentrations, side-effects and risk assessment
Tjeerd Blacquiere, Guy Smagghe, Cornelis A. M. van Gestel, Veerle Mommaerts
Ecotoxicology. Online, 21 February 2012

This review summarizes, for the first time, 15 years of research on the
hazards of neonicotinoids to bees including honey bees,
bumble bees and solitary bees ... Many laboratory
studies described lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids
on the foraging behavior, and learning and memory
abilities of bees, while no effects were observed in field
studies at field-realistic dosages.

[bees that spent the summer gathering nectar from canola wintered normally]

In general, the few reported
residue levels of neonicotinoids in nectar and pollen were below
the acute and chronic toxicity levels; however, there is a
lack of reliable data as analyses are performed near the
detection limit. 

[this last part means "so low as to be nearly undetectable"]

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