When you open a queenless hive it will sometimes create a buzz almost to a
roar.  Twice the normal sound of a hive.  The hive maybe with stress of mites
and or beetles.  This hive will be aggressive.  The use of grapefruit or
lemon leaves used in the smoker is to reduce the mites or make them drop off.
 This has a d-limniesse in the leaves, used for flea relief also, that is
used for the catalyst in enamel paints.  It holds the clay and oils in
mixture status.  When used in the hive it should have an effect on the wings
to elminate the star chattering of the wings.  This might estend the useful
life of the gathering bees.  Has anyone done any research with d-limninesse?
If used it would soften the wings and reduce the cycles per second tones.