I found this study interesting, since the findings are very different that
what I observe and measure in Northern Calif.

Here, I NEVER find high nosema prevalence or spore counts in strong
colonies.  N ceranae is most prevalent in midwinter into early spring, and
disappears over summer.

I do not find N ceranae to be a predictor of colony performance, but in
poor-performing or collapsing colonies, N ceranae is very often present,
often at high levels.

-- 
Randy Oliver
Grass Valley, CA
www.ScientificBeekeeping.com

             ***********************************************
The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned
LISTSERV(R) list management software.  For more information, go to:
http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html