> > Simpson (1957a) showed that rthe proportion of colonies not producing
>  lower queen-replacement rate than those with queens 2 and 3
> years old

I am not sure what this means.  I assume that 'colonies not producing' means
that conditions were woeful.
 
> > Indeed, it is still not entirely clear why a colony should supersede
> rather than swarm, or vice versa, particularly since the present results
> show that supersedure may often occur during the normal swarming season

Our experience has been that swarming in the spring may occur in a hive no
matter what the original reason for the initiation of cells.

Geoff Manning

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