There is one other factor in non-treatment and is the most important - what
kind of bee is involved.

I remember a post on BeeSource on "regressing down" to 4.9. The beekeeper
had poor results but kept at it through many iterations and losses. When he
tried regressing Russian bees he had success. So was it the bee or the 4.9?

Same with AHB and survival with Varroa. They do. So does the beekeeper have
AHB and that is the reason for success?

Truth is, we are talking apples and oranges since the real issue is
commercial pollinators vrs small stationary apiaries. If the large
operations who come in contact with the pathogen pool called Almond
pollination survive without treatment, then we really need to know how they
do it. otherwise, for most of us who do not treat, it is only matter of
time.

Bill Truesdell
Bath, Maine

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