>Nosema on the other hand seems to be common to all CCD colonies

Not in my case,   maybe I have something OTHER than ccd but just as damaging?

OBA tech-transfer came to my (home) yard jul07 tested all but 1 (Q finisher)(10 hives)
zero nosema, trace of TM (S yard still depopulated at that time)
I hand delivered to Guelph 2 seperate times more samples -- zero nosema (early08)(OBA)
I took 2 samples to BP -- a contract tech for OMAF -- zero nosema (early09)
Randy has feacal scrapings (not tested yet), I am confident that these will also be -- zero nosema

Maybe my sample times have been wrong and there is undetected nosema?

dave

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