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Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology

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From:
Peter Loring Borst <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Fri, 27 May 2016 08:35:03 -0400
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> And by the way believe it or not, the policy does not apply to Fumagillin. The drug veterinary agency / administration - Canada and FDA-USA are not considering fumagillin as  an antibiotic but is a fungicide.

Yes, well that is warping the science for political reasons. 

1945   S. A. Waksman Microbial Antagonisms 271   Antibiotic, inhibiting the growth or the metabolic activities of bacteria and other microorganisms by a chemical substance of microbial origin.

1949   H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics II. xlvii. 1438   The antibiotics comprise substances with diverse chemical structures and biological activities. They range in their action from those which inhibit the growth of certain strains of bacteria in a highly selective manner to those which are relatively toxic to all living cells.

Speaking of nosema:

> The study was conducted to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (a commercial probiotic) and inulin (a prebiotic) on the survival rates of honeybees infected and uninfected with Nosema ceranae, the level of phenoloxidase (PO) activity, the course of nosemosis, and the effect on the prevention of nosemosis development in bees. 

> The number of microsporidian spores in the honeybees fed for 9 days prior to N. ceranae infection with a sugar syrup supplemented with a commercial probiotic was 25 times higher (970 million spores per one honeybee) than in a control group fed with pure sucrose syrup (38 million spores per one honeybee). 

Ptaszyńska, Aneta A., et al. "Are commercial probiotics and prebiotics effective in the treatment and prevention of honeybee nosemosis C?." Parasitology research 115.1 (2016): 397-406.

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