Concerning British agricultural drainage, John Vince (1982:90-91) links
extensive drainage projects with enclosure.  Bush drains,dating to the C17,
were trenches filled with compacted cut brush.  Tapered tile pipes were
introduced in the late C18.  Another variety of drainage utilized "horse
shoe pipe," which was open on the bottom and rested on a "sole plate," a
flat tile. Land drainage pipes were rarely glazed, so that groundwater
could filter in through the wall of the pipe.

Vince, John 
1982  Old Farms: An Illutrated Guide.  Bramhall House, New York.

House drains, which are more likely to be glazed, would have depended on
local supply, as some of C. Murphy's respondents have mentioned.  Of course
the availability of sewerage systems (i.e., demand) would also have been an
important local variable.

Lauren Cook