John Volpe wrote:
 
> How do colonies minimize inbreeding depression generated by this kin
selection?
 
I do not have any 'scientific' data, but I do remember reading in more than
one place that queens normally fly further from their hive to mate than do
drones.  This would eliminate or minimize inbreeding, provided that there
were a variety of genetic backgrounds in the area.
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"Test everything.  Hold on to the good."  (1 Thessalonians 5:21)
 
Tom Elliott
Eagle River, Alaska
U.S.A.
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