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Item Subject: em
APICULTURE AWARENESS
A Beekeeping Newsletter of the Extension Service, USDA
October-November, 1993
Vol 6, Issue 2
Greetings Electronically. Many of you know "Apiculture
Awareness" in hard copy form. The electronic form will be better
in some ways, but a loss in others.
For the Better:
1. Information will be in computer format should a receiver
wish to re-distribute information.
2. Delivery is electronically fast.
3. Distribution will be on a much wider basis
internationally.
As A Loss:
1. Due to licensing agreement, the Bibliographic Scan that
is presented in each issue can only be sent in hard copy.
2. Due to technical restraints, maps or other schematics
can only be sent in hard copy.
PLEASE NOTE: "Apiculture Awareness" will only be sent to those
requesting it - in either form. This introductory transmission
will be the only broad distribution of the newsletter. If you
wish to receive the publication, please forward both your land
address and EM address to me at one of the addresses presented at
the end of this publication. Indicate whether or not you want
the Bibliographic Scan and any Maps at that time. From then on,
they will be automatically mailed.
SUMMARIES OF RESEARCH
NEOTROPICAL "AFRICANIZED" HONEY BEES HAVE
"EUROPEANIZED" MORPHOLOGY
RINDERER, THOMAS//BUCO, STEVEN M//SYLVESTER, H ALLEN/
/STELZER, J ANTHONY//KLEINPETER, SANDRA J
Technical Abstract: Africanized honey bees have explosively
proliferated through the Americas. The processes and genetic
outcomes of wholesale Africanization have been debated. A
central question is if spreading populations are "pure" African
bees or derived in part from hybridization. Programs to mitigate
Africanized-bee related problems will differ accordingly.
Evidence from a multivariate analysis of morphological data from
samples of populations from 5 continents shows that Africanized
bees in South America are varied hybrids. They differ from other
populations by Mahalanobis distances which indicate that
morphologically about (two-thirds) of the average Africanized
genotype is derived from East African parentage and one third
from European parentage.
Brazilian samples analyzed for mitochondrial (mt)DNA restriction
fragment polymorphisms showed both polymorphisms common to
African bees but more common to no European bees. These are the
first data documenting this incongruence of morphology and
(mt)DNA. The origins of the asymmetry constitute a central
question about the Africanization process
SOURCE: THOMAS E RINDERER, HONEY BEE BREEDING LAB, 1157 BEN HUR
ROAD, BATON ROUGE LA 70820
CHALKBROOD DISEASE - A CONTROL
FOR EUROPEAN FOULBROOD DISEASE
SHIMANUKI, H./ /KNOX, DAVID A.
Technical Abstract: Preliminary tests demonstrate that a
diffusible antimicrobial substance is produced by the fungus,
Ascosphaera apis, the causative agent of chalkbrood disease. We
have tentatively named this substance Ascosphaerin. Ascosphaerin
inhibits the growth of Melissococcus pluton, the causative agent
of European foulbrood and seems to be only slightly soluble in
water but very soluble in alcohol. Also, it appears that
Ascosphaerin is active against other bee pathogens and organisms
associated with honey bees, including Bacillus larvae, B. alvei,
and B. laterosporus.
SOURCE: H. SHIMANUKI, USDA/ARS/BRL, BLDG. 476, BARC-E,
BELTSVILLE MD 20705
IMMUNODETECTION OF AFRICANIZED HONEY BEE
(HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) SPECIFIC PROTEINS
HUNG, AKEY
Technical Abstract: Four native honey bee proteins (P-1, 2, 3,
4) were detected on the IEF gel by the polyclonal antiserum at
1:1,000 dilution in immunoblotting. P-1 and/or P-2 were found in
all Africanized honey bee (AHB). P-3 was found in 88% of AHB.
All European honey bee (EHB) had only P-4. However, P-4 was also
found in 53% of AHB. The same antiserum detected three denatured
proteins on the SDS-PAGE gel with MW around 39k, 42k and 60k
daltons. All three were found in AHB and EHB.
SOURCE: HUNG, AKEY, USDA/ARS/BRL, BLDG. 476 BARC-EAST ,
BELTSVILLE, MD 20705-2350
BOOK REVIEW
[Note: If there are books or publications you wish to have
reviewed, forward appropriate information to Jim Tew at the
closing addresses.]
SOUTHERN FORAGES Though not a text directly related to
beekeeping, many beekeeping plants are discussed in the newly
published text "Southern Forages". The paperback book, having
thirty two chapters, is 256 pages long and printed on high
quality paper. Color photos and other graphics are abundantly
used in the publication making it a visually pleasing text to
use. It practical in nature, and easy to understand. Yet, it is
a wealth of new and old information brought together. The
authors are all highly qualified experts. In addition to
expected chapters on forage crop production and maintenance,
there are sections on poisonous plants and plants beneficial to
wildlife. The text would be useful for beekeepers interested in
nectar and pollen plants or beekeepers providing pollination
services. Cost: $20.00 + $3.00 shipping & handling. The text is
available from: Potash & Phosphate Institute (PPI), 655
Engineering Drive, Suite 110, Norcross, GA 30092-0335 Phone:
(404)448-0439 FAX: (404)448-0439
EVENTS, INFORMATION, AND UPDATES
Meetings Held: Technical Working Group, ARS Liaison Committee
Meeting, Canadian Border Opening Meeting, American Bee Research
Association
Upcoming Meetings: Entomological Society of America, December
13-15, 1993 in Indianapolis, IN; American Honey Producers
Association, January 12-15, 1994 in Tucson, AZ; American
Beekeeping Federation, January 17-23, 1994 in Orlando, FL; Apiary
Inspectors of America, January 25-29, 1994 in Columbus, OH;
Eastern Apiculture Society, July 11-16, 1994.
Updates: The ES USDA beekeeping videos discussed in the last
issue of AAN are nearly complete. Editing is finished. Final
phases of editing, duplication, and distribution. Topics covered
are: Removing bees from a dwelling, Other stinging insects
(Yellowjackets and Baldfaced hornets), Destroying AHB swarms and
colonies, and Living with the AHB in Texas. If more information
is required before these pieces are released, contact Jim Tew at
one of the closing addresses.
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
RELEASE DATE: November 12, 1993
CONTACT NAME: Suzanne Sorich, PIO 602/542-0951
Glen Thaxton, Entomology Manager 602/542-0972
Africanized honeybee weekly identification report
Following is a summary of honeybee identifications performed by
the Arizona Department of Agriculture for the week of November 5
to 11. Fourteen samples of bees identified during this period
have been identified as European honeybees. Four samples of bees
identified during this period have been identified as Africanized
honeybees. This leaves the total positive finds for Africanized
bees to date at thirty-eight. Traps serviced, collections and
results by county:
Maricopa
Origin/site of interception
Date of interception
Determination of sample
Remarks
Phoenix District
11/04/93
EUROPEAN
Feral Colony
Pima
Origin/site of interception
Date of interception
Determination of sample
Remarks
Sasabe, near mile post two on
Hwy 286, two miles north of
Mexico
7/28/93
AFRICANIZED
Feral colony
Tucson District
8/12/93
EUROPEAN
Trap
Tucson District
8/19/93
EUROPEAN
Trap
Tucson District
9/17/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Eight miles east of Tucson near
Irvington & Pantano Roads
9/21/93
AFRICANIZED
Feral colony
Tucson District
9/21/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Six miles northwest of Tucson
near La Cholla Blvd & McGee
Road
10/18/93
AFRICANIZED
Feral colony
Tucson near Palo Verde & 36th
Street
10/19/93
AFRICANIZED
Trap
Tucson district
10/25/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
10/25/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
10/30/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/02/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/02/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/02/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/02/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/02/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Tucson district
11/04/93
EUROPEAN
Feral colony
Cochise N/A
Graham N/A
La Paz N/A
Mohave N/A
Pinal N/A
Santa Cruz N/A N/A no trap lines and/or no
collections
Sincerely,
James E. Tew, Ph.D.
National Program Leader, Apiculture
Extension Service, USDA
The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
Telephone: (216) 263-3684 -- Fax: (216) 262-2720
Internet: [log in to unmask]
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