A very large colony will NOT have a different demographic structure than a feral one, even after swarms.
Even when "all foragers" or "all house bees" are removed from the hive, the hive quickly recovers and re-stabilizes at about 30% foragers. See the attached charts taken from the paper above - see figure 5 in "beshers2001.pdf", attached.
There are other studies that dramatically manipulate the colony demographics, and they all recover within a few days with bees stepping up to new tasks, or (far more interesting) reverting to prior tasks that they should be ill-suited for in terms of hormones.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s002650050276https://doi.org/10.1139/z85-113
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