The importance of colony population to winter survival seems pretty obvious. Back in the day, beekeepers did not attempt to winter sub-par colonies. They took their losses in the fall, by combining or otherwise getting rid of colonies with insufficient resources.
Nowadays folks seem set on attempting to get everything through the winter, hoping that it's another mild one. Speaking of which, the temperature for December here at Ithaca, NY so far is 5.5°F above normal—and they are forecasting 51°F for Christmas.
PLB
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