The word alarming seems to surface in every article summarizing bee research these days. Don't all colonies within a certain geographic region in areas where honey bees are native share a common lineage and a restricted number of haplotypes? "https://www.ars.usda.gov/news-events/news/research-news/2023/dna-research-finds-low-genetic-diversity-among-us-honey-bees/" *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html